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#behaviour

0 Beiträge0 Beteiligte0 Beiträge heute
michael

#SwarmIntelligence directs longhorn crazy #ants to clear the road ahead for sisters carrying bulky food
Scientists show how collective form of understanding emerges from simple actions of unintelligent worker ants

eurekalert.org/news-releases/1 #science #behaviour #insects #zoology

EurekAlert!Swarm intelligence directs longhorn crazy ants to clear the road ahead for sisters carrying bulky foodScientists studied the obstacle-clearing behavior of longhorn crazy ants, where a subset of workers temporarily specializes in removing tiny objects blocking the path between the nest and large food items. Experiments revealed that serial clearing behavior can be triggered by a single pheromone mark, which happened to be deposited near an obstacle by a forager recruited to a large food item. Clearing mostly occurs in the context of collective transport, which typically stalls in front of obstacles. The authors concluded that obstacle-clearing is a form of ‘swarm intelligence’ which emerges at the colony level, and which does not require understanding by individual ants.
flypapers

📰 "Cross-species comparative connectomics reveals the evolution of an olfactory circuit"
biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20
#Neuroscience
#Connectomics
#Evolution
#Drosophila #Behaviour #Larva

bioRxiv · Cross-species comparative connectomics reveals the evolution of an olfactory circuitAnimal behavioural diversity ultimately stems from variation in neural circuitry, yet how central neural circuits evolve remains poorly understood. Studies of neural circuit evolution often focus on a few elements within a network. However, addressing fundamental questions in evolutionary neuroscience, such as whether some elements are more evolvable than others, requires a more global and unbiased approach. Here, we used synapse-level comparative connectomics to examine how an entire olfactory circuit evolves. We compared the full antennal lobe connectome of the larvae of two closely related Drosophila species, D. melanogaster and D. erecta, which differ in their ecological niches and odour-driven behaviours. We found that evolutionary change is unevenly distributed across the network. Some features, including neuron types, neuron numbers and interneuron-to-interneuron connectivity, are highly conserved. These conserved elements delineate a core circuit blueprint presumably required for fundamental olfactory processing. Superimposed on this scaffold, we find rewiring changes that mirror each species ecologies, including a systematic shift in the excitation-to-inhibition balance in the feedforward pathways. We further show that some neurons have changed more than others, and that even within individual neurons some synaptic elements remain conserved while others display major species-specific changes, suggesting evolutionary hot-spots within the circuit. Our findings reveal constrained and adaptable elements within olfactory networks, and establish a framework for identifying general principles in the evolution of neural circuits underlying behaviour. ### Competing Interest Statement C.S.X is the inventor of a US patent assigned to HHMI for the enhanced FIB-SEM systems used in this work: Xu, C.S., Hayworth K.J., Hess H.F. (2020) Enhanced FIB-SEM systems for large-volume 3D imaging. US Patent 10,600,615, 24 Mar 2020. European Molecular Biology Organization, ALTF1114-2024 International Human Frontier Science Program Organization, LT0036/2025-L, RGY0052/2022 European Research Council, 802531 Paul G. Allen Family Foundation Vallee Foundation, https://ror.org/05nmp3276 Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (United States), https://ror.org/02qenvm24, CP-2-1-Prieto-Godino The Francis Crick Institute, https://ror.org/04tnbqb63, CC2067, CC2240
michael

14-May-2025
#Chimpanzees use #medicinal leaves to perform first aid
Scientists observed chimpanzees in Uganda apparently cleaning and treating their own and others’ wounds

eurekalert.org/news-releases/1

see also my feature on #animals #selfMedicating (#openArchives) proseandpassion.blogspot.com/2 #science #ethology #behaviour #ecology

EurekAlert!Chimpanzees use medicinal leaves to perform first aidResearchers monitoring chimpanzee communities in the Budongo Forest, Uganda, noticed that individuals were helping each other with wound care and hygiene. Some of the chimpanzees even used fresh, chewed leaves from plants known for their traditional medicinal uses and bioactive properties to treat their own and their companions’ wounds. Remarkably, they helped individuals they were genetically related to and individuals they weren’t, despite the potential risk from being exposed to pathogens. Scientists believe these findings could help us understand the cognitive and social foundations of healthcare. 
Albert Cardona

From Silke Sachse:

"I would like to draw your attention to the announcement of a professorship (W3 level) in Behavioral Physiology at the University of Würzburg. Please help to spread the word to suitable candidates."

Application deadline is June 22nd, 2025.

Details can be found here:

German: biologie.uni-wuerzburg.de/file

English: biologie.uni-wuerzburg.de/file

#neuroscience#PhDJobs#behaviour
Soh Kam Yung

"“For me, the takeaway is we know very little—even the very basic of how they find a site,” Parzer says. “Then there’s a lot of species variation. Why are some puddling a lot? Why are some not at all? We have some species where females also puddle—why is that? And then we noticed there’s a big gap. A whole continent is essentially missing—Africa—so there clearly needs to be something done in that area as well.”"

entomologytoday.org/2025/05/13

Entomology Today · To Puddle or Not To Puddle: Review Highlights Unanswered Questions About Butterfly BehaviorA new review on "puddling" in butterflies details current knowledge on this nutrient-gathering behavior and how much remains unknown about why they gather.
#Butterflies#Biology#Behaviour
Petra van Cronenburg

#Anthropocentrism and human #hubris:

🚾 Yeah, humans invented #toiletPaper in the 2nd century in China and fabricate it in the Western world since the 19th c! Before/elsewhere, they used shitsticks, clay shards, stones, sometimes even water. Animals would never do this!

Wait.

🐵 Chimpanzees would never scratch their skin with broken shards - they use leaves after having a poo. And make their own medicine from plants. theguardian.com/environment/20

The Guardian · Chimpanzees use leaves to wipe bums and clean up after sex, study findsVon Nicola Davis
#health#hygiene#healing
michael

1-May-2025
Rhythmically trained sea lion returns for an encore—and performs as well as humans
Ronan, the only non-human mammal to demonstrate highly precise beat keeping, continues to challenge our understanding of #biomusicality

The #seaLion at UC Santa Cruz who achieved global fame for her ability to bob her head to a beat is starring in a new study that shows her rhythm is just as precise—if not better—than humans.

eurekalert.org/news-releases/1 #science #mammals #behaviour #rhythm #musicality

EurekAlert!Rhythmically trained sea lion returns for an encore—and performs as well as humansAnimal research on biomusicality, which looks at whether different species are capable of  behaving in ways that show they recognize aspects of music, including rhythm and beat, remains a tantalizing field at the intersection of biology and psychology. Now, the highly trained California sea lion at UC Santa Cruz who achieved global fame for her ability to bob her head to a beat is finally back: starring in a new study that shows her rhythm is just as precise—if not better—than humans.
Fortgeführter Thread
☮ ♥ ♬ 🧑‍💻

Day 32 cont 🗳️⚔️🤜🤛👊

As the election gets closer, #extremism and #conflict is happening at polling booths with unruly candidate, party members and constituants.

“A barrage of #complaints about #threatening and #aggressive #behaviour at polling booths has fuelled tension in Australia’s most hotly #contested #electorates and prompted the #ElectoralCommission to warn #candidates in marginal seats that such behaviour would discourage #voters”

#AusPol <archive.md/5KgGv> / <smh.com.au/politics/federal/th> (paywall)

michael

26-Mar-2025
How #elephants plan their journeys: New study reveals energy-saving strategies

new paper from #Oxford legend Fritz Vollrath

eurekalert.org/news-releases/1 #science #zoology #behaviour #ecology #navigation

EurekAlert!How elephants plan their journeys: New study reveals energy-saving strategiesA new study has revealed that African Elephants have an extraordinary ability to meet their colossal food requirements as efficiently as possible. Data from over 150 elephants demonstrated that these giants plan their journeys based on energy costs and resource availability. The findings – published today (26 March) in the Journal of Animal Ecology– could provide crucial information to help protect these iconic animals and their habitats.
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